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BICSI G2.1-22, ICT Outside Plant Construction and Installation: Pole Setting, Anchoring, and Guying, 2022
- BICSI International Standards
- Table Of Contents
- Index Of Figures
- Index Of Tables
- 1 Introduction [Go to Page]
- 1.1 Purpose
- 1.1 Categories of Criteria
- 2 Scope
- 3 Required Standards and Documents
- 4 Definitions, Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Units of Measurement [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Definitions
- 4.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations
- 4.3 Units of Measurement
- 5 Pole Setting [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Overview
- 5.2 Grades of Pole for Pole Line Construction [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 Overview
- 5.2.2 Requirements
- 5.3 Location of Poles
- 5.4 Diameter and Depth of Holes [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 Diameter of Holes
- 5.4.2 Depth of Pole Holes
- Table 5-1 Typical Depth of Hold in Firm Ground or Solid Rock
- Table 5-2 Minimum Hole Depths for Poles When Solid Rock is Below Ground Level (Up to 2m [6.5 ft])
- Table 5-3 Minimum Hole Depths for Poles When Solid Rock is Below Ground Level (Over 2m [6.5 ft])
- 5.4.3 Frozen Soil
- Figure 5-1 Typical Settings of Poles in Permafrost
- 5.5 Digging Holes [Go to Page]
- 5.5.1 Digging Holes with Hand Tools
- 5.5.2 Boring Holes with an Earth Boring Machine
- 5.5.3 Water Jet
- 5.5.4 Explosives
- 5.6 Methods of Raising and Setting Poles [Go to Page]
- 5.6.1 Overview
- 5.6.2 Pole Derrick Method
- 5.6.3 Pike Pole Method
- Figure 5-2 Raising Medium Weight Pole with Pike Poles
- Figure 5-3 Raising Heavy Poles – Initial Stage
- Figure 5-4 Raising Heavy Poles – Final Stages
- 5.6.4 Gin Pole Method
- Figure 5-5 Raising a Pole – Gin Pull Method
- 5.6.5 A-Frame Method of Raising and Setting Poles
- Figure 5-6 A-Frame Pole Raising Preparation
- Figure 5-7 Setting an A-Frame
- Figure 5-8 Raising the Pole After A-Frame Removed
- 5.7 Backfilling and Tamping [Go to Page]
- 5.7.1 Requirements
- 5.7.2 Expanding Polymer Backfill Material for Utility Poles
- Figure 5-9 Expanding Polymer Backfill 1
- Figure 5-10 Expanding Polymer Backfill 2
- Figure 5-11 Expanding Polymer Backfill 3
- Figure 5-12 Expanding Polymer Backfill 4
- Figure 5-13 Expanding Polymer Backfill 5
- 5.8 Pole Footings [Go to Page]
- 5.8.1 Plank Footings for Line Poles
- 5.8.2 Footings for Catenary Span Poles
- 5.8.3 Platform Supports and Plank Bracing.
- Figure 5-14 Platform Pole Support
- Table 5-4 Typical Lumber Requirements for Platform Supports and Plant Braces
- Figure 5-15 Platform Joist and Cross Plank Detail
- 5.8.4 Platform Supports with Side Guys
- 5.9 Ground Braces [Go to Page]
- 5.9.1 Log Brace
- Figure 5-16 Log Brace
- 5.9.2 Plank Ground Brace
- Figure 5-17 Plank Ground Brace
- 5.9.3 Concrete Ground Brace
- Figure 5-18 Poured-in-place Concrete Ground Brace
- 5.9.4 Pole Key Anchor
- Figure 5-19 Installing Pole Key Anchor
- 5.10 Installing Pole Markers, Tags, and Birthmarks [Go to Page]
- 5.10.1 Pole Markers and Tags
- Figure 5-20 Example of Pole Identification
- Figure 5-21 Examples of Aluminum Pool Tag Shapes
- 5.10.2 Pole Birthmarks
- 5.10.3 Making a Marker
- 5.11 Pole Rake [Go to Page]
- 5.11.1 Dead-end Corner Poles and Stubs
- 5.11.2 Ground-braced Guy Stubs
- 5.11.3 Push-braced Poles
- Figure 5-22 Example of Pole Rake on Corner Pole
- 6 Attachments [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Attachments and Applications [Go to Page]
- 6.2.1 Pole Attachments
- Table 6-1 Pole Attachments and Applications
- 7 Anchors [Go to Page]
- 7.1 Types of Anchors [Go to Page]
- 7.1.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Selecting Anchors and Anchor Rods [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 Introduction
- 7.2.2 Soil Classes
- 7.2.3 Anchor Types for Soil Classes
- Table 7-1 Recommended Anchor Types for Different Soil Classes
- 7.2.4 Anchor Size
- Table 7-2 Anchor Size Groups
- 7.2.5 Anchor Rods
- Table 7-3 Anchor Rod Sizes Associated with Different Anchors
- Table 7-4 Anchor and Anchor Rod Sizes for Guy Strands (Metric)
- Table 7-5 Anchor and Anchor Rod Sizes for Guy Strands (Imperial)
- 7.3 Installation of Guy Anchors [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 Installation of Cone Anchors
- 7.3.2 Installation of Expanding Earth Anchors
- Figure 7-1 Expanding Earth Anchors
- Figure 7-2 Expanding Earth Anchor in a Vertical Hole
- 7.3.3 Installation of Expanding Rock Anchors
- Figure 7-3 Installation of an Expanding Rock Anchor
- 7.3.4 Installation of Plate Anchors
- Figure 7-4 Locating the Plate Anchor Hole
- Table 7-6 Plate Anchor Rod Lengths (Metric and Imperial)
- 7.3.5 Installation of Small Screw Anchors
- 7.3.6 Installation of Swamp Screw Anchors
- 7.3.7 Installation of Crossplate Anchors
- Figure 7-5 Crossplate Plank Anchor Installation
- 7.3.8 Installation of Log Anchors
- Table 7-7 Anchor Log and Rod Sizing (Metric)
- Table 7-8 Anchor Log and Rod Sizing (Imperial)
- Figure 7-6 Anchor Log in Line with the Guy
- Figure 7-7 Anchor Logs Reinforce by Crosspiece Logs
- 7.3.9 Installation of Precast Concrete Anchors
- 7.3.10 Installation of Cast-In-Place Concrete Anchors
- Figure 7-8 Installation of Cast-in Place Concrete Anchor
- 7.3.11 Installation of Permafrost Anchors.
- 8 Guys [Go to Page]
- 8.1 Introduction [Go to Page]
- 8.1.1 Anchor Guys
- 8.1.2 Pole-to-Stub (Stub) Guys
- Figure 8-1 Pole-to-Stub Guy
- 8.1.3 Pole-to-Pole Guys
- Figure 8-2 Pole-to-Pole Guy
- 8.1.4 Sidewalk Guys
- 8.1.5 Long-span Suspension Guys
- Figure 8-3 Example of a Sidewalk Guy
- 8.2 Guy Sizing [Go to Page]
- 8.2.1 Lead-to-Height Ratio
- Figure 8-4 Examples of Leads and Heights
- 8.2.2 Guy Rule
- Figure 8-5 Example of a Guy Rule
- 8.2.3 Determining Guy Size
- Table 8-1 Head Guy Sizing for Three or Less Spans
- 8.3 Guy Placement [Go to Page]
- 8.3.1 General Rules for Guying Pole Lines.
- Table 8-2 Maximum Allowable Pull for Unguyed Corners
- 8.3.2 Guying Corners
- Figure 8-6 Example of a Pull Finder
- Figure 8-7 Measuring Pull and Locating Guys for a Corner Pull
- Table 8-3 Size of Head Guy Required on Head and Side Guyed Corner Poles
- Figure 8-8 Example of an In-Line Reverse Corner
- 8.3.3 Guying a Dead-end Pole
- 8.3.4 Storm Side and Storm Head Guys
- Figure 8-9 Examples of Storm Guying
- 8.4 Positions of Guys on Poles and Stubs [Go to Page]
- 8.4.1 Guy Positions at Deadends
- Figure 8-10 Supporting Two Suspension Strands with One Guy Wire
- Figure 8-11 Supporting Two Suspension Strands with Three Guy Wires
- Figure 8-12 Guying Attachment for a False Deadend
- 8.4.2 Guy Positions at Corners
- Figure 8-13 Examples of One Guy Corner Pole, less than 15 m (50 ft) pull
- Figure 8-14 Corner Pull Guy, Cables in Opposition
- Figure 8-15 Corner Pole Guy with Thimble Eyes
- Figure 8-16 Corner Pole Guy for Suspension Strands on Same Side on the Pole
- Figure 8-17 Examples of Two Guys for Two Strands
- Figure 8-18 Corner Pole, Side and Head Guys
- Figure 8-19 Guying a Deadend from Two Directions
- 8.5 Securing Guys [Go to Page]
- 8.5.1 Introduction
- 8.5.2 Strand Vises
- Figure 8-20 Example of a Strand Vise Assembly
- Table 8-4 Strand Vise Sizes
- Figure 8-21 Completed Strand Vise on an Eyebolt
- 8.5.3 Strand Grips
- Figure 8-22 Example of a Strand Grip
- Table 8-5 Strand Grip Color Codes for Galvanized Steel Strand
- Table 8-6 CR Strand Grip Color Codes for CR Strand
- Figure 8-23 Tensioned Strand for Strand Grip Installation
- Figure 8-24 Placing the Strand Grip
- Figure 8-25 Wrapping the First Leg
- Figure 8-26 Wrapping the Second Leg
- Figure 8-27 Both Legs Partially Wrapped
- Figure 8-28 Splitting the Shorter Leg
- 8.5.4 Bolt-Type Strand Clamps
- 8.6 Attaching Guys [Go to Page]
- 8.6.1 Eyebolt Method
- Table 8-7 Eyebolt Dimensions
- Table 8-8 Materials for the Eyebolt Method
- Figure 8-29 Example of an Eyebolt Installation for 16M Strand or Smaller
- Figure 8-30 Example of an Eyebolt Installation for 25M Strand
- Figure 8-31 Example of a S Eyebolt Installation
- 8.6.2 Guy Hook Method
- Table 8-9 Guy Hook Bolt Sizing
- Figure 8-32 Example of a Guy Hook
- Figure 8-33 Example of a Completed Guy Hook Installation
- Figure 8-34 Strand Vise Installation on a Guy Hook
- Figure 8-35 Strand Grip Installation on a Guy Hook
- 8.7 Tensioning Guys to Anchors and Stubs [Go to Page]
- 8.7.1 Introduction
- 8.7.2 Strand Grip
- Table 8-10 Size of Chain Hoist Used for Tensioning Guys
- Figure 8-36 Set Up for Guy Tensioning
- Figure 8-37 Measuring the Terminating Point of the Guy Strand
- Figure 8-38 Wrapping Legs Around the Strand
- Figure 8-39 Legs Applied to Crossover Points
- Figure 8-40 Pole-to-Stub Installation
- 8.7.3 Strand Vise
- Figure 8-41 Guy Assembled Hand-Tight
- Figure 8-42 Tensioning Guy Using Pulling Eye or Pulling Hook
- Figure 8-43 Tensioning Pole-to-Stub Using a Fabric Sling
- Figure 8-44 Tensioning Pole-to-Stub Using a Pulling Hook
- 8.7.4 Retensioning
- 8.8 Guy Shields [Go to Page]
- 8.8.1 Introduction
- 8.8.2 Installation of Guy Shields
- 8.9 Special Circumstances [Go to Page]
- Figure 8-45 Example of a Guy Shield
- 9 Grounding and Isolating Exposed Guys [Go to Page]
- 9.1 Overview
- 9.2 Grounding Guys [Go to Page]
- 9.2.1 Types of Grounds for Exposed Guys
- 9.2.2 Methods of Grounding Exposed Guys
- Figure 9-1 Example of Grounding a Guy to Strand
- 9.3 Isolating Guys [Go to Page]
- 9.3.1 Selection of Strain Insulators
- 9.3.2 Location of Strain Insulators in Exposed Guys
- Figure 9-2 Grounding Suspension Strand to Ground Rod.
- Figure 9-3 Example of a Single Fin Type Insulator
- Table 9-1 Mechanical and Dielectrical Strength of Strain Insulators
- Figure 9-4 Insulating Guys in a Zone of Exposure (Voltages Less than 18,000)
- Figure 9-5 Insulating Guys in a Zone of Exposure (Voltages Exceeding 18,000)
- Figure 9-6 Insulating Guys for Attachment Above Power Conductors
- 9.3.3 Installing a Strain Insulator
- 9.4 Protecting Poles Against Lightning [Go to Page]
- 9.4.1 Overview
- 9.4.2 Installation of Lightning Protection on Poles
- Figure 9-7 Lightning Protection Wire on an Unguyed Aerial Cable Pole
- Figure 9-8 Lightning Protection Wire on an Anchored Guyed Cable Pole, Guy Above Cable Strand
- Figure 9-9 Lightning Protection Wire on an Anchored Guyed Cable Pole, Guy Below Cable Strand
- 10 Pole Braces [Go to Page]
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Requirements
- 10.3 Length of Braces [Go to Page]
- Table 10-1 Length of Pole Braces
- 10.4 Calculating Individual Brace Length [Go to Page]
- Figure 10-1 Method of Measuring Pole Brace Length
- 10.5 Position of Pole Braces
- 10.6 Installation of Pole Braces [Go to Page]
- 10.6.1 Single Push Brace
- 10.6.2 Double Pole Braces
- 10.6.3 Push-and-Pull Braces
- Figure 10-2 Single Push Brace Installation
- Appendix A Related Documents [Go to Page]